Dr. Raphael is a computer scientist by training and author of a dozen scientific publications on data integration, ontologies and workflow systems. He spent over a decade developing software in industry and academia prior to shifting his focus to the energy industry and the application of information technology to risk management, quantitative finance, and business strategy. Most recently, he was tasked to accelerate Duke Energy Business Transformation, enabling rapid execution of its Digital Strategy, focusing on Mobility & Digital tools adoption across all business units, and tracking digital maturity and business success metrics. Prior to that, he held various positions in Risk Management at Duke Energy leading its international renewable energy assets in Latin America and at Sempra Energy as the joined Risk Manager for SoCal Gas and San Diego Gas & Electric. Dr. Raphael earned a bachelor’s degree in Applied Mathematics, then a Master of Computer Science from Claude Bernard University in Lyon-France, PhD in Computer Science from National Institute of Applied Sciences Lyon, France (INSA de Lyon) and an MBA in Finance from University of California, San Diego